China Media Group ( CCTV)

Xichuan County in Henan Province is the core water source area and canal head of the Middle Route Project of South to north water diversion. In May 13th, general secretary Xi Jinping came here to investigate. This is the second time he has inspected the south to North Water Diversion Project in half a year. The last time he visited Jiangdu water control project in Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, which is the source of the east line project. From the source of the east line to the head of the middle line, what did the general secretary focus on this time?

△A sketch map of the investigation site on May 13

South to North Water Diversion: a canal for the south to moisten the North

On the afternoon of 13 July, Xi Jinping first inspected the tau Cha canal head project and listened to the introduction of the construction, management and operation of the Middle Route Project of the south to North Water Diversion Project.

△Overlooking the Taocha canal head project (photographed by CCTV reporter Duan Qingchen)

On December 30, 2003, the first phase of the middle route of the south to North Water Diversion Project started construction. The project diverts water from Danjiangkou reservoir, goes northward along the west side of Beijing Guangzhou railway line, and supplies water to Henan, Hebei, Beijing and Tianjin. The starting point is Taocha canal head, and the ending point is Tuancheng Lake in Beijing and Waihuan River in Tianjin. The total length of the trunk line is 1432 km.

△Route map of the main canal of the Middle Route Project of the south to north water diversion (photographed by CCTV reporter Shi Weiming)

The design principle of the middle line project is to let the south water flow northward. It took eight years for the builders to raise the Danjiangkou Dam from 162 meters to 176.6 meters, forming a drop of about 100 meters from Beijing. This is the highest level of water conservancy and hydropower projects in China. Builders overcome the problem of adding new dam to the old dam to make the new and old concrete fit perfectly.

Another challenge is the Yellow River, which blocks the flow of water from the south to the north. The engineering team creatively proposed the "Yellow River Crossing Project". Two 4250 meter long tunnels were dug at the bottom of the Yellow River Bed in Zhengzhou, and the water from the Han River to the North smoothly crossed the Yellow River.

△Yellow River Crossing Project of South to North Water Diversion Project (photo / Vision China)

In December 12, 2014, the first phase of the south to North Water Diversion Project was formally opened to the water. General Secretary Xi Jinping had made important instructions at that time, praising this as a major event in China's reform and opening up and socialist modernization which not easily came. 

△The Middle Route Project of South to North Water Diversion(shot by CCTV reportor Li Jin)

From the great idea put forward in 1952 to the comprehensive realization of the construction objectives of the first phase of the East and Middle Route Project in 2014, the south to North Water Diversion Project has become a strategic infrastructure that has made great achievements in the present age and benefits for thousands of years. Nowadays, Nanshui has become the main source of domestic water in many important northern cities, including Beijing. By the beginning of April this year, the south to north water diversion project had transferred 41.855 billion cubic meters of water, equivalent to more than 2989 West Lakes, directly benefiting 120 million people.

△From water supply on December 12, 2014 to 8:00 a.m. on the day of investigation, the total amount of Taocha canal head is 38.006 billion cubic meters（photographed by CCTV reporter Peng Hanming )

"Three first and three later": do a good job in water control

Last November 13th, when Xi Jinping inspects the Jiangdu water control project at the source of the East Route Project of the south to North Water Diversion Project, he stressed that it is necessary to co-ordinate the implementation of the south to North Water Diversion Project with the northern region's water conservation. He told us not to waste water at will while increasing water diversion.

△The downstream of Taocha canal head water control project is connected with the main canal of the middle route of the south to North Water Diversion Project (photographed by CCTV reporter Gao Lin)

The general secretary has long had a plan for the article of water control in the new era. In March 2014, at the fifth meeting of the central leading group of Finance and economics, the general secretary put forward a new 16 word water control idea of "water saving priority, spatial balance, systematic governance, two hands", emphasizing that water ecology, water resources, water environment and water disaster prevention and control should be considered as a system.

△The dam of Taocha canal head water control project is 265m long, with three diversion gates and a total width of 31m（photographed by CCTV Guoguang reporter Li Jin )

Xi Jinping's on-the-spot investigation of the Middle Route Project of South to north water diversion not only visited the "water tap" of the north to deliver water, Tao Chaqu's first hub project, but also investigated the Danjiangkou reservoir and listened to the ecological protection of water sources.

△Delta Danjiangkou reservoir (shot by CCTV reporter Duan Qingchen)

Some people commented that "the success or failure of the south to North Water Diversion lies in pollution control." In order to vigorously promote pollution control and water quality protection, and ensure the water quality up to the standard, Danjiangkou reservoir area has banned the cage fish farming industry for many years, and Nanyang city has shut down more than 800 heavy polluting enterprises. It is understood that over the past six years, 95% of the water quality of Danjiangkou reservoir has reached class I, and the water quality of the middle route trunk line has been stable at class II or above, ensuring that the clear water of the first river flows northward.

△This is the water sample taken from Danjiangkou Reservoir on the inspection day（ shot by CCTV reporter Li Zheng )

Exclusive video Xi Jinping examines Danjiangkou reservoir: water quality looks good.

Water conservancy immigrants: the way to get rich in new homeland

On the last day of 2014, the villagers who bid farewell to their hometown due to the south to North Water Diversion heard a warm voice. In his new year's message, President Xi Jinping said, "the first phase of the Middle Route Project of the south to North Water Diversion Project is officially open to the water, and about 400000 people have moved along the line. This is a selfless dedication to the project. We must pay tribute to them and hope that they will live happily in their new home."

"The difficulty of South to North Water Diversion lies in immigration." Of the about 400000 immigrants mentioned by Xi Jinping, there are only 345 thousand people in the Danjiangkou reservoir area. The "four-year task and two-year completion" of resettlement can be regarded as a miracle in the history of world engineering resettlement.

△Delta Danjiangkou reservoir (shot by CCTV reporter Duan Qingchen)

Since the construction of Danjiangkou Reservoir in Xichuan County of Nanyang City in 1950s, more than 200000 people have been relocated. After becoming the main inundated area of the Middle Route Project of the south to North Water Diversion in the new century, the county has organized another 166000 people from 185 villages in 11 townships to move. Xichuan has become the largest county for water conservancy immigrants in China.

On that day, zouzhuang village, a nine important town inspected by the general secretary, was a new village for water conservancy immigrants. Here he learned about the resettlement of the south to North Water Diversion Project, the development of characteristic industries, and the promotion of income increase of the immigrants.

△There are 175 households and 750 people in zouzhuang village（shot by CCTV reporter Gao Lin )

In recent years, zouzhuang village has built a green fruit and vegetable garden base by using the capital of the pilot project of industrial development in the immigrant village of the south to North Water Diversion Project, planting 120 mu of lotus and 500 mu of kiwifruit. More than 300 people in the village are engaged in fruit and vegetable industry.

△The villagers are thinning kiwi fruit（shot by CCTV reporters Duan Dewen and Lu Xinyu )

△Lotus root No. 6 planted in the village generally yields 2000-2500 kg per mu（shot by CCTV reporter Zhao Hua )

Zou Xin, a villager with six members, moved from the reservoir area in 2011. The local government allocated housing according to 24 square meters per person. Through farming, working and other channels, the family has an annual income of nearly 100000 yuan.

△A group photo of Zou Xinzeng's family on the same day (shot by CCTV reporter Xing bin)

△This is a group photo of Zou Xinzeng's family in 2010. At that time, they lived in an old house of 90 square meters（ shot by CCTV reporter Xing bin )

Exclusive Videos

Xi Jinping: thank the immigrants in the reservoir area for their contributions to the country.

The general secretary always pays attention to water conservancy resettlement. In April 2018, when he visited Yichang, Hubei Province, he visited Xujiachong village, a new Three Gorges immigrant village. At that time, he said affectionately that for the sake of the construction of the Three Gorges project, many people left the places where they lived for generations and came to new homes, which is also a contribution to the construction of major national projects. The general secretary encouraged the villagers to unite as one, care for each other, help each other and make concerted efforts to build a better new home.

△Zouzhuang primary school fifth grade English class (shot by CCTV reporter Guo Hong)

Summer grain production: firmly hold the initiative of grain security

On the way to the survey in May 13th, general secretary Xi Jinping also temporarily got off the train and went into the wheat field to see the growth of wheat and understand the situation of summer grain production.

△Wheat fields inspected by the general secretary on the same day (shot by CCTV reporter Li Hui)

This is not the first time that the general secretary has seen grain production in Henan, a major agricultural province. In May 2014, he went down to the wheat field of Zhangshi town high standard grain field comprehensive development demonstration zone to check the grain filling situation carefully. He said at the time that food security and the work of "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" are the important basis for all work. Henan has a large proportion of agriculture and rural population. The task of "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" is arduous. The advantage and trump card of grain production can not be lost at any time.

△Nanyang is about to usher in the wheat harvest season (shot by CCTV reporter Li Hui)

Since the outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia, Xi Jinping has been very concerned about food security. In February last year, he gave an important instruction to China's agricultural production in spring, stressing that the more we face risks and challenges, the more we need to stabilize agriculture, and the more we need to ensure food and important non-staple food safety.

Last year, China's grain production achieved "Seventeen consecutive harvests", but the general secretary's advice is worth remembering: "we should firmly grasp the initiative of food security, and pay close attention to grain production every year."

Micro video of current affairs

From the ecology of the reservoir area, to the life of the immigrants, from the century project, to the food problem, these are the major issues that the general secretary is concerned about. As he said during his recent visit to Guangxi, it is "the largest country" to make people live happily.

Producer: Shen Yong

Editor: Gong Xuehui and Yu Zhenyi

Reporter: Li Hui, Xing bin, Yang Lifeng, Lu Xinyu, Zhao Hua

Vision: Chen Kuo, Zhang jingqihuan

Editor:Wang Jiyang Yu Mingli